Varicose Vein

They are the small blood capillaries that appear under the skin in the legs and may be thin red or blue or purple zigzag lines that are about 2 millimeters thick.

Although the appearance of the web does not mean a serious health problem, it may cause pain or heaviness in the legs, especially after standing for a long time like teachers.
Also, the appearance of the spider web affects the beauty of the leg or groin, which causes embarrassment and limits the wearing of some clothes and models for ladies who fear its appearance.
You may have large or simple varicose veins that appear in a certain place on the leg, especially around the knee or lower leg, but they often result from problems elsewhere on the leg.
Varicose veins are considered to be a minor part of the blood circulation, they are superficial and help the main veins and they are deep and have several connections between them. The superficial veins drain into the deep veins and control the flow of blood. Venous valves only allow blood to flow from the superficial veins to the deep ones.
When the valves fail in their operation, the backflow of blood in the veins occurs due to earth's gravity, and blood congestion occurs and the surface veins and their branches are stretched, and then leg veins appear under the skin.

varicose veins shapes:
Varicose veins may appear as blue tortuous veins extending into the leg or thigh. Or it may appear as patches of red or blue capillaries on the skin.

Varicose veins reasons:
Failure of the valve that connects the saphenous vein (the largest of the superficial veins) with the deep femoral vein at the top of the thigh is the most common cause of varicose veins. When the blood returns to it, the saphenous vein expands, and then the superficial veins that connect with the saphenous vein expand under the skin with blood congestion, which leads to the appearance of varicose veins.

- It is believed that there is a genetic reason for the appearance of leg varicose veins, as it abounds in some families, although the genetic gene has not been identified.
- Pregnancy and hormonal changes during pregnancy and the pressure of the pregnant uterus on the veins cause varicose veins, so it abounds in women.
Obesity, advanced age, and jobs that require standing for hours, such as doctors, barbers, and teachers.

Diagnosis:
Before starting treatment, an accurate diagnosis of varicose veins must be made, first with patient history, clinical examination, and assessment of the degree of varicose veins. A detailed examination of the veins of the leg and thigh by ultrasound (Doppler) is performed when standing, and the function of the venous valves in the superficial and deep veins and the veins connecting them is evaluated, and the source of blood reflux for the superficial veins is diagnosed. It is also confirmed that there is no deep vein thrombosis.

Treatment:

Sclerotherapy: If the varicose veins are only simple capillaries and there is no reflux in the main vein, it is treated with injections only (sclerotherapy). It is a simple treatment where the doctor injects a small or medium vein with varicose veins with a solution that closes the vein.

Laser therapy or photocoagulation: where a special type of laser device with specific waves is used that coagulates the walls of the veins and closes them by applying the laser externally. The method is characterized by its ease of performance and its pain-free and immediate results.